This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by Google Gemini Pro and NotebookLM, provide a brief summary of the four primary "engines" of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) based on Pickart et al. (2003), Chafik & Rossby (2019),, Lozier et al. (2019), Zou et al. (2020), Petit et al. (2020), Chafik et... Continue Reading →
This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Volume, Heat, and Freshwater Divergences in the Subpolar North Atlantic Suggest the Nordic Seas as Key to the State of the Meridional Overturning Circulation” by Chafik and Rossby (2019). Research by Chafik and Rossby identifies the Nordic Seas as the primary driver of... Continue Reading →
This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “An outsized role for the Labrador Sea in the multidecadal variability of the Atlantic overturning circulation” by Yeager et al. (2021). This research article by Yeager et al. (2021) utilizes high-resolution climate simulations to investigate the Labrador Sea's influence on long-term... Continue Reading →
This blog post, created by NotebookLM, is based on “On the Atlantic extratropical-tropical teleconnection in response to external freshwater forcing” by Joshi an Zhang (2026). This research study utilizes a coupled climate model to investigate how a massive influx of freshwater in the North Atlantic triggers a chain reaction that shifts the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) southward. The authors demonstrate that... Continue Reading →
This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Decadal changes in Atlantic overturning due to the excessive 1990s Labrador Sea convection” by Böning et al. (2023). Deep beneath the surface of the Atlantic, a colossal current system is constantly at work. Known as the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC),... Continue Reading →
The recent shift in understanding (the OSNAP results) doesn't mean the Labrador Sea is irrelevant; it just changes its job description. It is less of a "pump" and more of a "conduit" and a "collector." Here is the detailed breakdown of how it works. This blog post was generated by Google Gemini Pro and NotebookLM.... Continue Reading →
The oceanographic community is currently re-evaluating the Labrador Sea's role in maintaining the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). While historical estimates suggested a contribution of up to 9 Sv (Böning et al., 1996; Mauritzen and Häkkinen, 1999; Talley, 2003; Brandt et al., 2007), recent data from the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP)... Continue Reading →
This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “North Atlantic ventilation change over the past three decades is potentially driven by climate change” by Guo et al. (2026). A new study suggests that seawater in the North Atlantic is aging, a phenomenon that indicates a slowdown in ocean ventilation over the last... Continue Reading →
This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Strengthening of Labrador Sea Overturning Linked to Subsurface Freshening Over Recent Decades” by Li et al. (2026). Introduction: The Ocean's Engine and a Long-Standing Puzzle The Atlantic Ocean is home to a vast, powerful system of currents often called the "ocean's... Continue Reading →
This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Reduced cooling in the Norwegian Atlantic Slope Current: investigating mechanisms of change from 30 years of observations” by Baumann et al. (2025). This research analyzes thirty years of hydrographic data to investigate why Atlantic Water in the Norwegian Atlantic Slope Current is cooling less as it travels... Continue Reading →
Ocean to Climate 