Category: Rainfall

Beyond El Niño: The Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension as a Precursor to California Winter Extremes

Reproduced from Figures 3 & 6 in Badezet-Delory (2026). (a) Regression of preceding September-November (SON) SST anomalies (°C), with tropical forcing removed, onto the ENSO-independent JFM California precipitation. (b) Comparison of the standardized timeseries of the ENSO-removed JFM California precipitation (black line) and the high-pass-filtered SON KOE precursor index (red line; cut off of 40... Continue Reading →

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North Atlantic Temperature Regimes Increase Long-Range Weather Predictability

This infographic was generated by Google Notebook. This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by Google Notebook, are based on a preprint article “North Atlantic SST Drives Sub-seasonal Variability and Predictability of the Large-Scale Circulation” by Murphy et al. (2026). A preprint article by Murphy et al. (2026) investigates the causal relationship between North... Continue Reading →

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Why the Pacific is Cooling in a Warming World

Derived from Figure 2 in Xie et al. (2026). Observed and simulated 1982–2024 trends in equatorial ocean temperature. Linear trend of equatorial (2.5°S to 2.5°N mean) ocean temperature trends (°C/decade) in (A) OISST, (C) a CESM2-HIST member run with the strongest La Nina-like trend, and (D) the CESM2-HIST ensemble mean. Stippling indicates 90% confidence. The... Continue Reading →

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A 330-Year Record of Ships’ Logbooks Reveal Strong Interplay Between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and East Atlantic (EA) patterns

Figure 3 from Mellado-Cano et al. (2019). Winter composites of: (a)–(d) near-surface temperature (shading, in °C) and geopotential height at 500 hPa (contours, in dam) anomalies; (e)–(h) precipitation (shading, in percentage of normals) and SLP (contours, hPa) anomalies for different combinations of NAODI and EADI indices with absolute values larger than 0.5 standard deviations: (a) NAODI+/EADI+, (b)... Continue Reading →

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U.S. Drought in the Late 1980s Triggered a Major Depletion of Gulf Fisheries

This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Historical depletion and future drought-driven risks to Gulf of Mexico fisheries production” by Berenshtein et al. (2026). This research examines how terrestrial droughts in the United States drastically reduce fisheries production in the Gulf of Mexico by decreasing Mississippi River nutrient... Continue Reading →

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Cold Bias Stalls Kuroshio Engine for the Powerful Storms Hitting the North American West Coast

This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “North Pacific model biases influence Kuroshio Extension atmospheric circulation patterns” by Song et al. (2026). A new research by Song et al. (2026) explores how sea surface temperature (SST) biases in climate models disrupt the predicted atmospheric circulation patterns caused by the Kuroshio Extension (KE). By... Continue Reading →

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How Dry Skies Sustain Multiyear La Niña

This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Rainfall sustains multiyear La Niña”  by Tian et al. (2026). This research investigates how rainfall-induced salinity changes act as a critical feedback loop to sustain multiyear La Niña events. While early stages of these cooling events are driven by ocean dynamics like advection, the study reveals... Continue Reading →

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Oceanic Slow-Lane: Why the Subtropical Gyre Holds the Key to How the ITCZ Responds to AMOC Slowdown

This blog post, created by NotebookLM, is based on “On the Atlantic extratropical-tropical teleconnection in response to external freshwater forcing” by Joshi an Zhang (2026). This research study utilizes a coupled climate model to investigate how a massive influx of freshwater in the North Atlantic triggers a chain reaction that shifts the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) southward. The authors demonstrate that... Continue Reading →

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A Collapse Of The AMOC Would Drastically Alter Global Monsoons

This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Impacts of AMOC Collapse on Monsoon Rainfall: A Multi‐Model Comparison” by Ben-Yami et al. (2024). Summary: Ben-Yami et al. (2024) analyzes how a potential collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) would drastically alter tropical monsoon rainfall patterns worldwide. By... Continue Reading →

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How a Weakening Atlantic Ocean Circulation Is Rewriting South America’s Weather

This blog post and the “Deep Dive” podcast, created by NotebookLM, are based on “Impacts of a Reduced AMOC on the South America Mean Climate and Extremes” by Meccia & Blázquez (2025). Summary: This study investigates how a weakening Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) influences the climate and weather extremes of South America. Utilizing the EC-Earth3 climate... Continue Reading →

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