MJO-driven onset of the 2021 Atlantic Niño

Atlantic Niño is the Atlantic counterpart of El Niño in the Pacific, often referred to as El Niño's little brother. It was previously thought to have only regional influence on rainfall variability in West Africa, but a growing number of studies have shown that Atlantic Niño also plays an important role in the development of... Continue Reading →

On the fate of the 2023-24 El Niño

As of July 2023, the developing El Niño in the Pacific has already exceeded its sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies of 1°C in Niño3.4 region (central Pacific) and 3°C in Niño1+2 region (far eastern Pacific). This is the first time to have those SST thresholds exceeded since the development of 1997-98 "supper El Niño" in... Continue Reading →

How did excessive Labrador Sea convection in the 1990s increase the AMOC?

The Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP) observing system, which was launched in the summer of 2014 comprises an integrated coast-to-coast array of two sections: OSNAP West, extending from the southeastern Labrador shelf to the southwestern tip of Greenland, and OSNAP East, extending from the southeastern tip of Greenland to the Scottish shelf.... Continue Reading →

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